Dermoscopic Features of Acral Palmoplantar Nevi: Age and Site Correlation in a North African Cohort

Meryem Soughi; Oumaima Bouraqqadi; Zakia Douhi; Sara  Elloudi; Hanane Baybay; Fatimazahra Mernissi

doi:10.5826/dpc.1503a5065

Dermoscopic Features of Acral Palmoplantar Nevi: Age and Site Correlation in a North African Cohort

Authors

Meryem Soughi Dermatology Department, University Hospital Hassan II, URL CNRST N15, Human pathology,biomedicine and environment laboratory. Faculty of medicine, pharmacy and Dental medicine of Fez. Sidi Mohamed ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9985-5131
Oumaima Bouraqqadi Dermatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and dental Medicine, University Hospital Hassan II Fez, Morocco
Zakia Douhi Dermatology Department, University Hospital Hassan II, URL CNRST N15, Human pathology, biomedicine and environment laboratory. Faculty of medicine, pharmacy and Dental medicine of Fez. Sidi Mohamed ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
Sara Elloudi Dermatology Department, University Hospital Hassan II, URL CNRST N15, Human pathology, biomedicine and environment laboratory. Faculty of medicine, pharmacy and Dental medicine of Fez. Sidi Mohamed ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
Hanane Baybay Dermatology Department, University Hospital Hassan II, URL CNRST N15, Human pathology,biomedicine and environment laboratory. Faculty of medicine, pharmacy and Dental medicine of Fez. Sidi Mohamed ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
Fatimazahra Mernissi Dermatology Department, University Hospital Hassan II, URL CNRST N15, Human pathology,biomedicine and environment laboratory. Faculty of medicine, pharmacy and Dental medicine of Fez. Sidi Mohamed ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco

Keywords:

Dermoscopy, palmoplantar nevi, acral nevi, Age Correlation, Lesion Location

Abstract

Introduction: Palmoplantar nevi (PPN) are common and sometimes difficult to diagnose because of their unusual clinical, dermoscopic, and histological features, often mistaken for acral lentiginous melanoma.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the different dermoscopic patterns of palmoplantar nevi and their correlation with age and location.

Methods: This was a retrospective-prospective cohort study of a sample of the Moroccan population collected over 2 years. The diagnosis was based mainly on clinical and dermoscopic evaluation, and a biopsy performed in a single patient.

Results: A total of 140 patients with 144 PPNs were included in this study. PPNs were more frequently located on the palms (64%) than on the soles (36%). The parallel furrow pattern (PFP) was the most frequent in 44% of patients, followed by the lattice pattern (17,4%), then the homogeneous pattern (16.7%), the fibrillar pattern (10,4%), the compound pattern (7%), the globular pattern (2 %), the dotted pattern (2 %), and finally, the atypical pattern (0.7%). We found a correlation between fibrillar and globular patterns with younger patients (P <0.05) lattice pattern with pressure-free regions such as the arch and palmar region. In contrast, the fibrillar pattern was associated with heels and PFP with digital location.

Conclusion: Recognition of these patterns is crucial for accurate diagnosis and to avoid unnecessary excisions.

References

Saida T, Miyazaki A, Oguchi S, et al. Significance of Dermoscopic Patterns in Detecting Malignant Melanoma on Acral Volar Skin. Arch Dermatol. 2004;140(10). DOI:10.1001/archderm.140.10.1233. PMID: 15492186

Saida T, Oguchi S, Miyazaki A. Dermoscopy for acral pigmented skin lesions. Clin Dermatol. 2002;20(3):279-285. DOI:10.1016/S0738-081X(02)00219-5. PMID: 12074868

Tahiri Elousrouti L, Hammas N, Fadlallah I, et al. Histopathologic and Molecular Features of Cutaneous Melanoma in a Moroccan Population. Cureus. Published online July 30, 2023. DOI:10.7759/cureus.42691. PMID: 37649946

Papageorgiou C, Kyrgidis A, Ilut PA, et al. Acral Melanocytic Nevi in a High-Risk Population: Prevalence, Clinical Characteristics and Dermatoscopic Patterns. Dermatology. 2023;239(5):753-759. DOI:10.1159/000531055. PMID: 37231917

Madankumar R, Gumaste P V., Martires K, et al. Acral melanocytic lesions in the United States: Prevalence, awareness, and dermoscopic patterns in skin-of-color and non-Hispanic white patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2016;74(4):724-730.e1. DOI:10.1016/j.jaad.2015.11.035. PMID: 26803347.

Emiroglu N, Cengiz FP, Onsun N. Age and Anatomical Location–Related Dermoscopic Patterns of 210 Acral Melanocytic Nevi in a Turkish Population. J Cutan Med Surg. 2017;21(5):388-394. DOI:10.1177/1203475417712496. PMID: 28565919

Saida T, Koga H. Dermoscopic Patterns of Acral Melanocytic Nevi. Arch Dermatol. 2007;143(11). DOI:10.1001/archderm.143.11.1423. PMID: 18025367

Zaballos P, Llambrich Á, Puig S, Malvehy J. Criterios dermatoscópicos de las lesiones melanocíticas palmoplantares. Piel. 2006;21(1):31-36. DOI:10.1016/S0213-9251(06)72422-4

Elwan NM, Eltatawy RA, Elfar NN, Elsakka OM. Dermoscopic features of acral pigmented lesions in Egyptian patients: a descriptive study. Int J Dermatol. 2016;55(2):187-192. DOI:10.1111/ijd.12882. PMID: 26341359

Savas Erdogan S, Falay Gur T, Turgut Erdemir AV, Dogan B. Dermoscopic characteristics of acral melanocytic nevi in children and adolescents. Pediatr Dermatol. 2020;37(4):597-603. DOI:10.1111/pde.14136. PMID: 32291825

Morocco - Global Cancer Observatory.; 2022. https://gco.iarc.fr/today/data/factsheets/populations/504-morocco-factsheets.pdf

Saida T, Koga H, Uhara H. Key points in dermoscopic differentiation between early acral melanoma and acral nevus. J Dermatol. 2011;38(1):25-34. DOI:10.1111/j.1346-8138.2010.01174.x. PMID: 21175752

Altamura D, Altobelli E, Micantonio T, Piccolo D, Fargnoli MC, Peris K. Dermoscopic Patterns of Acral Melanocytic Nevi and Melanomas in a White Population in Central Italy. Arch Dermatol. 2006;142(9). DOI:10.1001/archderm.142.9.1123. PMID: 16982999

Barquet V, Dufrechou L, Nicoletti S, et al. Dermoscopic Patterns of 158 Acral Melanocytic Nevi in a Latin American Population. Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas (English Edition). 2013;104(7):586-592. DOI:10.1016/j.adengl.2013.01.002. PMID: 23985085

Ozdemir F, Karaarslan IK, Akalin T. Variations in the Dermoscopic Features of Acquired Acral Melanocytic Nevi. Arch Dermatol. 2007;143(11). DOI:10.1001/archderm.143.11.1378. PMID: 18025361

Minagawa A, Koga H, Uhara H, Yokokawa Y, Okuyama R. Age-Related Prevalence of Dermoscopic Patterns in Acquired Melanocytic Nevus on Acral Volar Skin. JAMA Dermatol. 2013;149(8):989. DOI:10.1001/jamadermatol.2013.4452. PMID: 23804247

Tognetti L, Cartocci A, Lallas A, et al. A European Multicentric Investigation of Atypical Melanocytic Skin Lesions of Palms and Soles: The iDScore-PalmoPlantar Database. Diagnostics. 2024;14(5):460. DOI:10.3390/diagnostics14050460. PMID: 38472933

Miyazaki A, Saida T, Koga H, Oguchi S, Suzuki T, Tsuchida T. Anatomical and histopathological correlates of the dermoscopic patterns seen in melanocytic nevi on the sole: A retrospective study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2005;53(2):230-236. DOI:10.1016/j.jaad.2005.04.045. PMID: 16021115

Tognetti L, Cartocci A, Moscarella E, et al. Pattern Analysis of Benign and Malignant Atypical Melanocytic Skin Lesions of Palms and Soles: Variations of Dermoscopic Features According to Anatomic Site and Personal Experience. Life. 2024;14(6):659. DOI:10.3390/life14060659. PMID: 38929643

González-Ramírez RA, Guerra-Segovia C, Garza-Rodríguez V, Garza-Báez P, Gómez-Flores M, Ocampo-Candiani J. Dermoscopic features of acral melanocytic nevi in a case series from Mexico. An Bras Dermatol. 2018;93(5):665-670. DOI:10.1590/abd1806-4841.20186695. PMID: 30156615